Why are biodiversity hotspots considered critical for conservation?

Biodiversity hotspots are deemed critical for conservation because they are regions that exhibit a significant level of biological diversity, yet they are also experiencing considerable threats. Specifically, these areas are characterized by the presence of numerous plant and animal species, many of which are endemic, meaning they are not found anywhere else in the world. This uniqueness makes them particularly vulnerable to extinction due to habitat loss, climate change, and pollution.

By focusing conservation efforts on these hotspots, it is possible to protect not only the diverse species that inhabit them but also the critical ecosystems they support. The loss of even a single species can have cascading effects, making the preservation of these areas essential for maintaining global biodiversity. The prioritization of these hotspots in conservation strategies stems from the urgent need to balance protecting unique species with responding to the immediate pressures they face.