Which of the following factors is not a consequence of climate change?

The choice of increased agricultural productivity as not being a consequence of climate change is correct because, while climate change can affect agriculture in various ways, the overall impact tends to be negative rather than positive.

Climate change can lead to shifts in weather patterns, such as altered precipitation, increased temperatures, and more frequent extreme weather events, which generally result in challenges for agricultural production. For instance, while certain regions may experience temporary increases in productivity due to longer growing seasons or shifts in suitable crop areas, the majority of evidence points to a decline in agricultural yields in many parts of the world due to stressors like drought, flooding, and pest invasions exacerbated by climate change.

In contrast, habitat loss, extreme weather events, and rising sea levels are well-documented consequences of climate change that have direct and deleterious effects on ecosystems, communities, and economies globally. Habitat loss occurs as species struggle to adapt to changing climates and historical habitats become unsuitable. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and heatwaves, have become more frequent and severe, affecting human life and infrastructure. Rising sea levels threaten coastal regions and can lead to loss of land and displacement of populations, further evidencing the comprehensive challenges posed by climate change.