What does the term 'urban sprawl' refer to?

Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into rural land. This phenomenon typically occurs when cities grow outward, extending their boundaries and encroaching on agricultural or undeveloped landscapes. Urban sprawl is often characterized by low-density land use, increased reliance on automobiles, and a significant amount of space dedicated to residential, commercial, and industrial developments that spread into the countryside.

The process frequently leads to the fragmentation of habitats and can result in various social and environmental challenges, such as traffic congestion, loss of farmland, and increased infrastructure costs. Understanding urban sprawl is essential for urban planners, as it highlights the need for sustainable development strategies that promote efficient land use and mitigate the negative impacts of rapid urban growth.