How does latitude generally influence climate?

Latitude plays a crucial role in determining climate due to the varying angles at which sunlight hits the Earth's surface. As one moves away from the equator toward the poles, the angle of the sun's rays decreases, resulting in less intense solar energy and consequently cooler temperatures.

Regions closer to the equator, which are at lower latitudes, receive direct sunlight throughout the year. This consistent exposure to sunlight leads to warmer average temperatures compared to higher latitudes, which experience more diffuse sunlight and, thus, cooler conditions. Additionally, areas near the equator typically have less variability in temperature and are characterized by warmer, tropical climates.

This relationship between latitude and climate is fundamental in geography, explaining why tropical regions are generally humid and warm, while polar regions are cold and dry. Understanding this concept helps in contextualizing global climate patterns and regional climatic differences.