Define the term 'climate' in the context of geography.

The term 'climate' in the context of geography refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, and precipitation in a specific area. This definition encompasses not just the averages, but also the variations and trends over extended periods, typically observed over 30 years or more. By studying climate, geographers can understand and analyze how various factors, such as geographic location, elevation, and proximity to bodies of water, influence weather patterns and ecosystems over time. This understanding aids in preparing for changes in environmental conditions, supporting agriculture, urban planning, and managing natural resources effectively.

The other definitions provided do not accurately capture the essence of climate. Short-term atmospheric conditions describe weather rather than climate. Describing climate as average conditions over a short period fails to account for the long-term data that define climate. Finally, while statistical averages of weather observations contribute to the understanding of climate, they do not provide the comprehensive picture that includes patterns and trends over extended periods, which is essential for climate study.